20. The Fine Tuning Argument
The Fine-Tuning Argument is often paraded as one of the most compelling pieces of evidence for the existence of God. It goes something like this: the universe is perfectly calibrated for life. Change a few cosmic dials—gravity, the strong nuclear force, the cosmological constant—by even a fraction, and poof, no stars, no planets, no life. The odds of everything being just right by chance are so staggeringly low that it seems more plausible to believe that some cosmic watchmaker set the hands precisely. But does this argument really hold up under scrutiny? Let’s find out. Understanding Fine-Tuning: The Cosmic Recipe To get a sense of what fine-tuning means, imagine you’re baking a cake, but with cosmic ingredients: Gravity: If it were slightly stronger, the universe would collapse back on itself. Slightly weaker, and matter wouldn’t clump together to form stars and galaxies. Cosmological Constant: This governs the rate of expansion of the universe. Too fast, and matter flies apart befor...